不同类型土壤的FTIR和ICP-MS分析

Analysis of Different Types of Soil by FTIR and ICP-MS

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法对不同地区六种类型的农田土壤进行了研究,FTIR结果显示,其红外光谱主要是由黏土矿物、有机质及碳酸盐、磷酸盐、锰酸盐等无机盐类的振动吸收带组成,六种土样的红外光谱均属于蒙脱石型图谱。ICP-MS测试结果表明不同类型、不同颜色土样的速效元素含量不同,各地区土样中速效钙的含量均处于极缺状况,仅葫芦岛市土样中速效镁的含量处于中等水平,其他地方土样均处于缺乏状况,六地区土样中仅白银土样中速效锰、速效锌的含量处于缺乏状况,仅呈贡县土样中速效铁的含量处于缺乏状况,各地区土样中速效铜的含量均比较丰富,济宁市农田土样中速效磷的含量丰富,洛阳市、葫芦岛市农田土样中速效磷的含量处于中等水平,呈贡县、白银市及陆良县农田土样中速效磷的含量处于缺乏状况。洛阳市、呈贡县、济宁市农田土样中速效钾的含量均比较丰富,陆良县土样中速效钾的含量处于中等水平,葫芦岛市、白银市农田土样中速效钾的含量处于缺乏状况,可以看出,速效微量元素镁、铜、铁、锰和锌的含量基本上随土样颜色的加深而增加。根据全国土壤普查土壤养分含量分级标准,分析了各地区土壤速效元素含量的丰缺状况,并对各地区土样速效元素的缺乏制定了相应的补救措施。

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）were used to study six types of farmland soil from different areas.The FTIR results showed that the infrared spectra of soil were mainly composed of the absorption band of clay minerals,organic matter and inorganic salts,such as carbonate,phosphate,manganate and so on.The mineral atlas of six soil samples were all of montmorillonite type.The ICP-MS test results showed that the available elements content of different types and colours of soil samples were different.There was significant lack status of available Ca between different types of farmland soil,the content of available Mg in Huludao soil was in the medium level,other areas were in the status of shortage.There was only significant lack status of available Mn and available Zn in Baiyin soil,the content of available Fe in Chenggong soil was in the status of shortage,the content of available Cu in all areas was particularly rich.The content of available P in Jining soil was rich,Luoyang and Huludao soil were in the medium level,the soil of Chenggong,Baiyin and Luliang were in the status of shortage.The content of available K in Luoyang,Chenggong and Jining soil was relatively rich,Luliang soil was in the medium level,the soil of Huludao and Baiyin were in the status of shortage.It is observed that the deeper the color of soil samples,the richer the amount of some available trace elements such as magnesium,copper,iron,manganese and zinc.According to the national classification standard of available elements content,we analyzed the nutrients of available elements content in the farmland soil of different areas,and implemented remedial measures for the lacking of available elements for all of the six areas.