天然蚬壳花椒种群遗传多样性的ISSR标记分析

Study on Genetic Diversity of Twelve Natural Zanthoxylum dissitum Populations

目的：对采自中国西南4省共12个天然蚬壳花椒种群进行遗传多样性分析。方法：采用ISSR分子标记技术,从100条引物中筛选出8条条带扩增稳定、清晰可见和多态性条带明显的引物用于后续实验。结果：8条引物共扩增出150个条带,147个多态性条带,多态性条带百分率（PPB）为98.0%,各种群的PPB值为26.0%~62.0%。种内Shannon指数（Hsp）为0.4175,种群内Shannon指数（Hpop）为0.1328~0.3267。分子方差分析（AMOVA）显示,种群间与种群内的变异数分别是总遗传变异数的47.98%和52.02%。结论：天然蚬壳花椒在物种和种群水平上均具有较高的遗传多样性,天然蚬壳花椒种群间（内）存在着高度的遗传分化。本研究为蚬壳花椒的遗传多样性分析奠定了理论基础。

Objective： The genetic diversity of twelve natural Zanthoxylum dissitum populations,which is a species of Chinese herbal medicines to four provinces of southwest China,has been investigated. Methods： By inter-simple sequence repeat markers（ISSR）,the eight primers,which could amplify stable,clear and highly polymorphic bands,were screened from 100 candidate primers. Results： 150 total ISSR discernible bands and 147 polymorphic were amplified by the eight checked primers. On one hand,the percentage of polymorphic bands was 98. 0%,on the other hand,the population level the percent of polymorphic bands ranged from 26. 0% to 62. 0%. The Shannon＇s information index within species（Hsp） was 0. 4175,while the values within population（Hpop） were ranged from 0. 1328 to0. 3267. Analysis of molecular variance（ANOVA） revealed that the population genetic variation accounted for 47. 98% but the intraspecific variation for 52. 02%. Conclusion： The high level of genetic diversity exists not only in population but also in species. A high degree of genetic differentiation populations is approved to exist in Zanthoxylum dissitum. These results lay a theoretical foundation for genetic diversity analysis of Zanthoxylum dissitum.