科技在风险社会中的利益与风险分配——以转基因技术为视角

On the Distribution of Interest and Risk of Technology in the Society with Risks

科技的发展促成了风险社会的形成。风险社会中的风险有着向下层聚集的特点。以转基因技术为例,在转基因商品化和产业化的过程中,利益被发达国家、跨国公司、生产企业和科学家等获得,而风险却集中在发展中国家的普通消费者尤其是农民身上。根据可持续发展原则,在科技发展中,利益集团有能力也有义务承担更多风险,并在保障普通大众的基本权益不受损害的前提下,优先考虑大众的利益。

The development of technology promotes the society with risks to form quickly. In the society with risks, risks tend to gather at the lower levels. For example, when gene transformation technology becomes goods and even develops into various industries, interests are got by developed countries, transnational corporations, businesses, and scientists, while the risks concentrate in consumers, especially farmers, in developing countries. According to the principle of sustainable development, when promoting technology to develop, interest groups have both competence and duty to undertake more risks. They should, taking protecting the public＇s basic interests from being damaged as premise, first consider public interest.