《越王差徐戈》铭文与越国徙都“姑苏”补论

A Supplementary Discussion of the Inscription on King of Yue Chaxu Bronze Dagger-axe and Movement of Yue Capital to “Gusu”

《越王差徐戈》铭文是目前所发现的记载苏州地区名"姑苏"较早的文献资料。对铭文进行汇释并就"得""居""居乍金""司"的用法及"先王"所指进行讨论。越王翳迁都吴地,越王差徐承袭之并都于姑苏,其原因与越国北上扩张与齐国势力南下的冲突有关。铭文中的"姑苏"可能在今天苏州城西,其可能并非越国新建而为沿用春秋时期的木渎古城而来。由木渎春秋城、越王差徐城至秦汉以后苏州城址的变迁来看,前两者均在今苏州城以西,表明苏州早期地址的发展经历了一个由西至东的过程。

The inscription on Yue Chaxu Bronze Dagger-axe is the earlier literature recording the city of Suzhou that is currently found. The paper explains the inscription and discusses Xianwang （the previous king） and the usage of“de”,“ju”,“juzha jin”and“si”. King of Yue moved his capital to Wu. Chaxu, the next king of Yue inherited and lived in Suzhou. It is related to the conlfict of northward expansion of Yue and southward expansion of Qi. Gusu in the inscription is likely to be located in the west of Suzhou. The city was probably followed from the ancient city of Mudu of Spring and Autumn period rather than being newly built by Yue government. Changes f rom the city during Chaxu to the city af ter Qin and Han Dynasties show that the earlier development of the city of Suzhou experiences a process f rom west to east, since the boundaries during the two periods are located in the west of the present city of Suzhou.