苏州盛泽地区615例胸部创伤流行病学分析

Analysis of epidemiologic characteristics of chest trauma in 615 patients in Shengze area of Suzhou

目的：分析苏州盛泽地区的胸部创伤的流行病学特点。方法采用流行病学方法描述性，回顾性分析2010年4月至2014年8月江苏盛泽医院胸外科收治的615例胸部创伤患者的临床资料。结果胸部创伤患者中男性占79.7%，40～59岁是胸部创伤的高发年龄段。职业分布中，工人是胸部创伤的主体（54.1%），3、4、10月是胸部创伤高发月份，10～11点、14～15点以及21～22点是全天的3个受伤高峰时段。急诊入院患者占75.0%，创伤原因前三位为跌伤（39.2%）、道路交通伤（30.2%）和坠落伤（14.0%）。闭合性创伤占92.0%，肋骨骨折发生率为84.1%，第6肋骨折发生率最高。肺挫伤高发于右侧肺，右肺下叶挫伤比例最高，占42.4%。结论苏州盛泽地区的胸部创伤高发人群是中壮年工人，跌伤、道路交通伤和坠落伤是主要原因，肋骨骨折和肺挫伤是常见创伤类型。

Objective To study the epidemiologic characteristics of chest trauma in Shengze area of Suzhou. Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was adopted. The clinical data of 615 patients with chest trauma from April 2010 to August 2014 were collected retrospectively. Results The proportion of male was 79.7%,patients aged from 40 to 59 years old belong to high risk population. The highest incidence of occupation was worker （54.1%）. The incidence reached its peak time in March,April,and October. The three peak periods of trauma happened were 10：00 to 11：00, 14：00 to 15：00 and 21：00 to 22：00. Emergency admissions accounted for 75%. The first three injury causes in descending rank were fall down （39.2%）,traffic accident （30.2%）,and fall from height （14.0%）. The closed wound was 92.0% and rib fracture was 84.1%. The highest probability of fracture was the sixth rib. High incidence of pulmonary contusion occurred on the right lung. The proportion of right lower lobe contusions was the highest,reaching 42.4%. Conclusion Chest trauma was mostly caused by fall down,traffic accident,and fall from height,often in middle-age male worker. Rib fracture and pulmonary contusion were the common type of chest trauma in Shengze area of Suzhou.