花生耐盐碱性鉴定指标的研究及应用

Research and Application of Saline-alkaline Tolerance Indexes of Peanut

为确定花生品种耐盐碱性指标体系,综合评价花生品种的耐盐碱性,在花生育种田和盐碱地中分别种植了47份花生品种(系),收获期测定主茎高、侧枝长、分枝数、饱果数等9个与耐盐碱性有关的指标,利用主成分分析法对各个指标进行分析研究。结果表明,除分枝数外,8个指标被分为4个主成因子。根据各主成因子权重进行聚类分析,将47份花生品种及育种材料分为5类。其中P31、P48 2个材料为高度耐盐碱型,P45、P86、P109等6个材料为耐盐碱型,P92、花育28号、G37等18个材料为中等耐盐碱型,P24、G52、P29等16个材料为盐敏感型,花选10号、P125、P18等5个材料为盐碱高度敏感型。两端类型数量少,中间类型数量多,总体呈正态分布,为花生耐盐碱品种的筛选、培育奠定了基础。

In order to determine the salt and alkaline tolerance indexes of Peanut Varieties and evaluate their saline alkaline tolerance,47 peanut varieties and breeding materials were grew in the breeding field and the saline alkali land.The 9 salt and alkaline tolerance indexes such as stem height,branch length,branching number,full fruits etc. were measured in harvest. The principal component analysis method was used to analyze their indexes. Results show that,in addition to branching number,8 indexes are divided into 4 main factors. 41 peanut were divided into 5 categories by cluster analysis according to the score plot of all factors. The analysis showed P31、P48 were highly saline-alkaline tolerant. P45,P86,P109 etc. six cultivars were saline-alkaline tolerant. While P92,‘Huayu 28＇,G37 etc. eighteen cultivars were medium saline-alkaline sensitive and P24,G52,P29 etc. sixteen cultivars were saline-alkaline sensitive,＇Huaxuan10 ＇,P125,P18 etc. five materials were highly saline-alkaline sensitive. A few varieties were high tolerant or sensitive,most were intermediate tolerant and the general distribution was normal. These results laid foundations for selecting and breeding salt and alkaline tolerant cultivars.