我国成人呼吸量研究

Research on inhalation rate of Chinese adults

目的了解我国成人呼吸量的分布情况。方法基于"中国居民环境暴露行为模式研究(成人)"于2011年11月—2012年5月通过测量方式获得我国31个省、自治区、直辖市居民身高和体重的基础上,采用人体能量代谢估算法计算出我国居民的长期和短期呼吸量。分析我国居民长期和短期呼吸量的性别、年龄、城乡和地区分布特征以及影响因素,并与国内外相关研究进行了对比。结果我国居民的长期呼吸量为15.7 m3/d,在休息、坐、轻微活动、中体力活动、重体力活动和极重体力活动下的短期呼吸量分别为5.5、6.6、8.2、21.9、32.9和54.8 L/min。与国内研究相比,本研究基于最新的居民身高、体重等数据,更具有代表性;与国外比较,也存在着一定的差异。结论我国成人的呼吸量存在地区、性别、年龄等差异,在进行空气暴露健康风险评价时,应选择居民实际呼吸量参数。

Objective To konw the data of inhalation rate of Chinese adults. Methods The long-term and short-term inhalation rates were caculated based on the actual height and weight measurement of Chinese Environmental Exposure-Related Human Activity Patterns Survey（Adults）（CEERHAPS-A） in residents of 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China by energy expenditure methodology from November 2011 to May 2012. The related distribution characteristics in gender, age,urban/rural, region and the influencing factors were discussed, compared with the data of relative researches abroad. Results The long-term inhalation rate was 15.7 m^3/d, and the short-term inhalation rates were 5.5, 6.6, 8.2, 21.9, 32.9 and 54.8 L/min at sleep, sedentary, light intensity, moderate intensity, high intensity activities. This study was more representative,for it was based on the latest height and weight measurement data compared with the domestic historical researches, and there were also some differences compared with the data of foreign people. Conclusion With the difference of the region, gender, age and others, the actual inhalation rates of the population should be chosen in human health risk assessment of air pollution.