2013~2014年国内钻井液处理剂研究进展

Review on Development Progress of the Drilling Fluid Additives in China Between 2013 and 2014

从天然材料改性产物、合成材料两方面,就2013~2014年度国内钻井液处理剂研制及应用情况进行了介绍,指出了钻井液处理剂存在的问题及下步发展方向。从近期的研究看,在天然材料改性处理剂方面主要为淀粉、木质素和腐殖酸改性产物,在合成材料方面则以烯类单体聚合物处理剂研究最多,且反相乳液聚合逐步受到重视。与以前不同的是,油基钻井液处理剂研究大幅度增加。但从整体情况看,研究的深度和覆盖面还不够,创新性不足,投入现场的少,缺乏经济性和可行性研究。针对存在的问题,今后在处理剂研究上,要围绕绿色环保、抗温抗盐的目标,重视生物质资源的利用,针对提高处理剂抗高价离子的需要,开发含膦基的阴离子单体及高温下水解稳定性好的非离子单体,以及支化或星形结构的聚醚和聚醚胺等化合物;探索超支化的树枝状或树形结构的处理剂合成;加大反相乳液聚合物钻井液处理剂的推广;在油基钻井液处理剂方面,重点围绕油基钻井液体系完善配套的需要,同时研制适用于油基钻井液的防漏、堵漏材料,并在室内研究的基础上,重视处理剂生产工艺及经济性研究,加快成果转化。

Domestic research and application of drilling fluid additives between 2013 and 2014 are introduced from two aspects of natural materials modified products and synthetic materials.Problems and development di-rection of the drilling fluid additives are pointed out.Recent study of the natural material modified additives focuses on starch,lignin and humic acid modified products mainly.Recent study of the synthesis materials fo-cuses on the olefine-type monomer polymer additives,and inverse emulsion polymerization has been paid more and more attention.Oil based drilling fluid additives have been studied more and more differently from the past.But the depth and coverage of the study is not enough lacking of innovation with less field application and no economy and feasibility study from the overall situation.In view of the existing problems,future research of the additives must focus on the target of green environmental protection,heat resistance and salt tolerance,and pay attention to the use of biomass resources.Anionic monomer containing phosphine groups and the non ionic monomers with good hydrolysis stability at high-temperature,and branched or star-structure polyether and polyether amine and other compounds need to develop to meet the demands of improving the ability of anti-high valence ions of the additives.The synthesis of hyperbranched dendrimers or tree-structure additives is explored.The drilling fluid additives of inverse emulsion polymer should be popularized.The oil base drilling fluid system should have matching technologies.Leakproof and leak plugging material suitable for the oil base drilling fluid should be developed.Based on lab research,the production process and economy of the additives may be researched to accelerate the transformation of the achievements.