对比与认知——英汉词汇的比较探讨

Contrast and Cognition——A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Lexicons

在第二语言习得过程中,母语可以产生正迁移或副迁移的双向作用。而语言习得的要点在于借助母语并通过寻求语言间的对应、转换关系来消除干扰。对比语言学的应用研究提供了途径与可能。在第二语言习得的过程中全面、准确、地道地把握词汇是重中之重。作为比较语言学分支的比较词汇学则更直接地服务于此目的。本文主要通过英汉词汇搭配、词义及文化特征方面的对比分析,从一个侧面展示对比分析在第二语言习得过程中的有效性。

In the process of second language acquistiton, positive or negative transfer of native language may occur. And yet the key point in acquiring a second language is to seek for the correspondence and interchangeability between them by comparison with the native language so as to eradicate interference. Applied studies of contrastive linguistics supply effective means, which make it possible. The process of second language acquisition shows that a comprehensive, exact and idiomatic mastery of its vocabulary is the most important of all. As a matter of fact, contrastive lexicology, a branch of contrastive linguistics, serves the purpose more directly. This thesis mainly surrounds contrastive studies of English and Chinese word senses, cultural features and collocations, which will partly reveal the effectiveness of contrastive analysis in acquisition of a second language.