少数民族偏远山区儿童虐待现况及影响因素分析

Prevalence of child abuse and its influencing factors in Guangxi remote national Area

目的分析广西少数民族偏远山区儿童虐待(CA)现况及影响因素,为开展儿童虐待预防干预提供参考依据。方法运用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,采用儿童受虐筛查表(SQCA)对广西少数民族偏远山区5 390名中小学生进行调查,并用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析探索儿童虐待的影响因素。结果有5 273名儿童曾遭受家人虐待,报告率达97.8%。言语侮辱、经济控制、用刀棒等伤人、忽视、隔离、拳打脚踢、抓咬打耳光等、性侵犯虐待的报告率分别为74.0%,64.4%,52.6%,44.4%,37.3%,26.3%,26.3%和5.1%。8种类型的虐待行为发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7 821.953,P<0.01)。非条件Logistic回归分析结果表明,年龄大、跟父母生活在一起、家庭所在地为城镇是儿童虐待发生的保护因素;兄弟姐妹多、精神质个性明显、父亲酗酒是儿童虐待发生的危险因素(P值均<0.05)。结论应加强对少数民族偏远山区儿童虐待问题的重视,减少儿童虐待的发生。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of Child abuse（CA） and its influencing factors in Guangxi remote national area,and to provide reference basis for CA prevention.Methods The prevalence of CA among primary and middle school students of Guangxi remote national area was surveyed by multi-stage random cluster sampling and Screen Questionnaire of Child Abuse（SQCA）,and then,the prevalence of CA was analyzed by descriptive statistics and its influencing factors were analyzed by multi-factor unconditional logistic regression.Results A total of 5 273 children were found suffering from abuse,and the detection rate was 97.8%.The incidence of verbal abuse,economic control,knife or stick,neglect,isolation,beat and kick,slap on the face and sexual abuse were 74.0%,64.4%,52.6%,44.4%,37.3%,26.3%,26.3%,5.1% respectively.These differences have statistical significant differences（χ^2= 7 821.95,P〈 0.01）.The results of multi-factor unconditional logistic regression analyses showed that when the children grow up,living with his / her parents,born and raised in the town were protective factors for CA.Many siblings in family,high Pschoticism（P） type of children＇ s personality,excessive drinking of father were risk factors for CA.Conclusion More attention should be paid to CA in Guangxi remote national area in order to reduce and prevent the incidence of child abuse.