绵阳市12和15岁学生口腔健康教育效果分析

Evaluation on the effect of oral health service among 12 and 15 years old students in Mianyang

目的了解绵阳市12岁和15岁学生口腔保健知识、态度、行为在口腔卫生服务模式研究前后的差异,为探讨相应地区中小学的口腔健康教育有效措施提供参考。方法采取整群抽样的方法,在绵阳市涪城区、游仙区、江油区各抽取1所小学五年级和1所初中二年级学生作为调查对象,经过2 a的干预,干预后比较学生知识、态度、行为和卫生服务利用方面的调查结果。结果项目实施后,听说过含氟牙膏、认为含氟牙膏有好处、细菌是引起牙龈发炎的原因之一、清洁牙齿可以预防龋齿、定期检查牙齿很重要等知晓率有所提高,分别达到了38.2%,61.9%,80.6%,68.1%,92.8%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为24.396,91.013,44.638,62.143,335.617,P值均<0.05);含氟牙膏使用率提高,达到了35.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);牙龈出血时请医生治疗、牙龈出血时用清水漱口等选择率有所提高,分别达到了11.8%,62.9%,牙龈出血时不采取任何措施、牙疼时自己忍着等选择率有所下降,降低后分别为10.5%,42.2%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.352,30.989,53.125,1.881,28.548,P值均<0.05)。结论口腔健康教育使学生的口腔健康知识、态度、行为以及卫生服务利用水平明显改善。

Objective To study the differences among oral care knowledge,attitude,practice and oral health service utilization of 12 and 15 years old students before and after oral health service models project,and to evaluate the effect of this project.Methods The respondents were all fifth-grade students and eighth-grade students in selected schools who were chosen by cluster sampling method. A questionnaire survey about oral health KAP and oral health service utilization was conducted among all respondents after two years＇ intervention,then compared these results with baseline information. Results The cognition of fluoride toothpaste, ＂ bacteria are one of the reasons which cause gingivitis＂, ＂ cleaning teeth can prevent caries＂ and ＂ visit dentist regularly is important＂ had significantly increased（ P 0. 05）. Fluoride toothpaste usage increased and significant difference was found（ P 0. 01）. ＂ Visit dentist when gingival bleeding happens＂, ＂ water gargle when gingival bleeding happens＂ and ＂ Visit dentist when having toothache＂ increased. ＂ Do not take any measure when gingival bleeding happens＂ and ＂ do not take any measure when having toothache＂ decreased,significant difference was found（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion After oral health education and promotion,the level of students＇ oral health knowledge rose,more students took healthy behaviors and oral health service utilization improved.