沿海3省中学生性健康知识及需求状况分析

Sexual health knowledge and their demand among middle school students in three costal provinces of China

目的了解中学生的性健康知识的知晓程度、主要获取途径及需求状况,为青少年性健康教育的实施提供理论依据。方法整群随机抽取福建、山东、广东3个省的1 088名中学生,采用自行设计的问卷对其进行调查。结果7.4%中学生认为对青春期性知识完全了解,6.3%认为完全不了解;对25个涉及到性相关行为知识、生殖生理知识、性病知识以及性法律知识的名词,全部了解的占21.1%;21.9%的学生能完全正确回答出艾滋病的传播途径。中学生获取性健康知识主要途径为教师(44.7%)、同学或朋友(39.1%)以及网络(39.0%)。89.5%的学生认为需要开展性健康教育。结论中学生掌握的性知识不够全面,甚至存在部分错误的认识。应根据中学生青春期的生理及心理特点建立符合青少年需求的科学的、系统的、适时的、适度的性健康教育体系。

Objective To study middle school students＇ awareness,main ways and demand about sexual health knowledge,so as to provide scientific evidence for adolescent sexual health education. Methods A total of 1 088 middle school students from Fujian,Shandong and Guangdong provinces were interviewed by using cluster random sampling method. Results Only 7. 4%students thought they understood adolescent sexual knowledge completely,while 6. 3% students knew nothing about it. Tweny- five words involving the knowledge of sexual-related behavior,reproductive physiology,venereal disease and sex laws were offered,only21. 1% of students understood them completely,21. 9% students could completely answer the transmission methods of HIV / AIDS.The main accesses to sexual knowledge were from teachers（ 44. 7%）,classmates or friends（ 39. 1%） and internet（ 39. 0%）. About 89. 5% students thought they needed sexual health education. Conclusion The sexual knowledge of middle school students is not comprehensive,there are some erroneous understanding among middle school students. They acquire sexual health knowledge through a variety of ways and show strong demand of sexual health education. A scientific,systematic,timely,appropriate sexual health education system should be established to meet the demand of middle school students,according to adolescents＇ physiological and psychological characteristics.