会宁县中小学生2013年法定传染病流行情况分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristic of the Legal Infectious Diseases among Primary and Secondary Stndents in Huining County

目的分析会宁县中小学生传染病发病特点,探讨疫情暴发危险因素,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法利用各级各类医疗机构通过"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"网络直报系统报告个案卡信息和教育部门相关数据,用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果会宁县2013年总报告发病率为270.96/10万,其中学生发病率为299.56/10万,小学生发病率高于中学生,发病以肺结核病、水痘、流行性腮腺炎和手足口病为主,发病数占报告总数的82.37%。结论 2013年会宁县学生人群传染病疫情仍较严重,今后应根据传染病构成变化,在进一步做好扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种的同时,应加大在重点人群中积极推广二类疫苗的接种力度,严格落实入学儿童预防接种证查验制度,提高免疫覆盖率;建立和落实学生晨检因病缺勤病因追查登记制度,有重点地开展疾病筛查工作,可有效防止疫情蔓延;建立健全卫生安全制度,严把病从口入关;搞好校舍环境卫生,改善环境卫生设施,培养学生良好的卫生行为,对减少和避免因密切接触传播传染病也至关重要。

OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological characteristics in primary and secondary school student to provide basis for prevention and control measures. METHODS Descriptive analysis was made from the date of Information system of disease prevention and control of China. RESULTS The total reported incidence were 270.96/100 000 in 2013, The incidence is 299.56/100 000 among middle school students, Primary school students incidence was higher than that of middle school students. It accounted for 82.37% of the total number of reported because the higher incidence for tuberculosis and chicken pox, mumps and hand and foot and mouth dis- ease. CONCLUSION It was still serious for infectious disease among students in 2013 for China, in the future it should actively pro- mote 2 kinds of vaccine to improve immunization coverage in key crowd, strictly implement the school children vaccination certificate inspection system, establish and implement sickness absence causes track registration system, conduct disease screening work, establish health security system, strictly control the illness, improve the environmental sanitation, strengthen students good health behavior, to reduce and avoid close contact with spread of infectious diseases according the changes in infectious diseases with the planning of expanding national immunization planning vaccination.