2BH-3型玉米行间播种机设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Type 2BH-3 Inter-row Seeder

针对玉米等行距留茬覆盖行间（沟台）互作种植模式的农艺要求,设计了2BH-3型行间播种机,可在行间一次完成施肥、播种、覆土和镇压等作业。为了解决行间播种机纵向尺寸过大的问题,设计了多功能行走轮,可同时实现仿形、限深、传动、覆土、镇压和碎土等功能。应用EDEM软件对内倾面光滑和有“V”型凸起的行走轮镇压效果进行离散元仿真分析,仿真结果表明：内倾面有“V”型凸起的行走轮接地压力更大,镇压过的土壤孔隙率相对缩小6.38%-6.93%。田间试验结果表明：播种的粒距合格率为89.8%,漏播率为2.3%,重播率为7.9%,种肥垂直距离为3.99 cm,排肥量不稳定性变异系数和各行不一致性变异系数分别为2.35%和1.62%。

A type 2BH -3 inter-row seeder for maize was designed to meet the agro-technical requirements of stubble mulching and row （ridge）-inter-row （furrow） tilling alternately, which can perform inter-row operations including fertilizing, seeding, covering and rolling at a time. In order to reduce the longitudinal length of the inter-row seeder, a muhifunctional road wheel was designed, which can serve multiple functions such as land following, depth limit, transmission, soil covering, rolling and soil breaking. The discrete element simulation was conducted to compare the rolling effects of the two road wheels, one with a smooth inclined plane and the other with V-shaped ridges, by using EDEM software. The simulation results showed that the road wheel with V-shape ridges had higher ground pressure, making the porosity of soil decrease by 6. 38% -6. 93%. Field tests showed that the qualification rate of seed spacing was 89. 8% , the miss seeding rate was 2.3% , the multiples rate was 7.9% , the average vertical distance between seed and fertilizer was 3.99 cm, the coefficient of variation of instability of fertilizing between rows was 2.35% and the coefficient of variation of inconsistency was 1.62%.