高等教育国际化中的行前培训实证研究

An Empirical Study of Pre-departure Training in the Internalization of Higher Education

行前培训对于国际化教育和不同层次海外学习和交流的学生和学者应对跨文化冲击来说是必不可少的。本研究以实证研究为方法,探求三组行前培训参训学员(1)自费留学生、(2)高级访问学者、(3)政府企业领导的培训课程、模式和培训满意度。通过数据分析,作者发现虽然培训课程受到参训人员的广泛好评,但是仍存在一些不足,如:课程设计太泛,缺乏针对性,不能满足不同参训人员去国外学习的个人和职业需求,在应对文化冲击各个阶段的问题,培训课程缺乏科学的考量和创新的思路。作者认为,根据学员在海外学习的时间不同,应将通识性培训和植入性培训高效结合,使学员通过培训可以充分预测并有效解决海外学习文化冲击各个阶段带来的各种问题。

Pre-departure training is essential for international education and oversea studies, which has been designed for would-be students and scholars who will study abroad at different levels, encountering cultural shock. In this empirical research, the authors have collected data of three groups of trainees who had participated in pre-departure training programs： self sponsored students, university scholars, and government leaders. The authors found that although the training courses were widely appreciated by trainees, the designed courses still needed to be improved for their generalization and lack of specific aims for the trainees who might have different individual and professional needs for studying abroad. The training programs were not scientific and innovative to help trainees to resolve their problems at different stages of cultural shock. The authors proposed an integrated training model which effective ally general education with implanted training courses which will assist trainees to successfully manage and predict various problems coursed by cultural shock at different stages.