无意识不礼貌话语的影响因素及补救措施

The Influence Factors of Unconscious Impoliteness and Remedial Measures

国内学者王传奔将不礼貌分为有意识不礼貌和无意识不礼貌,无意识不礼貌是一种特殊的不礼貌现象。大量语料的分析和研究表明,无意识不礼貌的产生原因可以归结为交际双方在交际过程中的信息不对等。这种信息不对等的主要影响因素有三种,即语境因素造成的信息不对等、文化因素造成的信息不对以及认知因素造成的信息不对等。研究还表明,无意识不礼貌的补救措施主要有三类,即解释、致歉和回避。对无意识不礼貌影响因素和补救措施的研究,有助于人们交际的顺利进行和人际关系的和谐。

The domestic scholar Wang Chuanben divided impoliteness into the conscious impoliteness and unconscious impoliteness. Unconscious impoliteness is a special kind of impolite phenomena. A large corpus analysis and study show that the cause of conscious unconscious impoliteness is attributed to the information non equivalence in the process of communication of two sides. There are three major factors that influence the information non equivalence,including contextfactors,cultural factors and cognitive factors. The study also showed that the remedial measures of unconscious impoliteness are of three main types,namely explaining,apology and avoidance. Study on influence factors of unconscious impoliteness and remedial measures can help people to have a smooth communication and harmonious interpersonal relationship.