池塘水体微生物群落代谢活性的动态变化及其与水质的关系

On the correlation between the water quality and the dynamic variation of the bacterial community metabolism in tilapia cultured pond

全程跟踪监测罗非鱼混养池塘的微生物群落代谢活性的动态变化,并分析了微生物群落代谢功能与水质之间的相互关系。结果表明,异养细菌数量和微生物群落代谢活性在各时间点无显著性差异(p>0.05),9月和5月的代谢功能多样性指数均显著高于6月(p<0.01),微生物群落对糖类及其衍生物、代谢中间产物及次生代谢物的平均利用率显著高于氨基酸及其衍生物、脂肪酸及脂类(p<0.05)。不同的微生物群落代谢指标与水质因子的相关性有所差异,其中,水体异养细菌数量与p H值和TOC呈显著负相关(p<0.05);微生物群落代谢活性与PO3-4呈极显著负相关(p<0.01);群落代谢功能多样性与PO3-4呈显著负相关,与NO-2-N呈显著正相关(p<0.05)。微生物群落对糖类及其衍生物、脂肪酸及脂类、代谢中间产物及次生代谢物等碳源的利用率均与PO3-4呈显著的负相关关系,表明磷元素在微生物群落降解不同类型的碳源物质过程中具有重要作用。

The paper is inclined to make an exploration of the relation between the bacterial community metabolism and the water quality in the cultured fish ponds. For this purpose,we have analyzed their correlated relation with the Pearson＇s correlation analysis method. The bacterial community metabolism of the above said fish ponds can be said featured with the amount of heterotrophic bacteria, the bacterial community on a single carbon source,and the bacterial activities functionally diversified. The variety of the metabolism activity indices of bacterial community can be measured via the Biolog ECO plate system. The influential indices of the water quality may include the water temperature,the dissolved oxygen（DO）,the p H value,the transparency and salinity of the water,the biological oxygen demand（BOD） and the chemical oxygen demand（COD）,the silicate content,the activated phosphate,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen,the total nitrogen（TN）,the total phosphorus（TP）,the total organic carbon（TOC）,etc. The results show that there is no much difference between the quantity of heterotrophic bacteria and the metabolic activities of the bacterial community at different sampling times（p〈 0. 05）. The functional variety of the bacterial community in May and September tend both to be significantly higher than those in June（p〈 0. 01）. It is just for the above said difference and diversity that makes the utility on the saccharides and the derivatives much more remarkably higher than that of the amino acid substrates and derivatives,the fatty acids and lipids（p〈 0. 05）. What is more,since the water quality tends to be closely correlated to some other incedies of the bacterial community,some of the correlated incedies of the heterotrophic bacteria,such as the p H value and TOC,the metabolic activities of the microbial community with PO3-4,the functional diversity factors of the community with PO3-4may all prove to be noticeably negative（p〈 0. 05）,whereas other of the correlated factors of diversity turn out to be positively correlated to NO-2-N（p〈 0. 05）. Besides,what is noteworthy to be mentioned and focused is that there is a significant negative correlation between PO3-4and the utilization of saccharides and derivatives,fatty acids and lipids,metabolic intermediates and secondary metabolites（p〈 0. 05）. The study results we have gained from our research indicate that the phosphorus factor is likely to play a significant role in the process of bacterial community metabolism of the different kinds of carbon source.