胶合板VOC释放率测量及其对室内环境影响评价

Measuring the VOC emission-releasing rate and assessment of the impact of plywood on the indoor environment

以胶合板为研究对象,采用1 m3气候箱模拟室内环境,利用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS),研究胶合板挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的释放规律。同时,对胶合板VOC释放量进行定量分析,依据《室内环境质量评价标准》对该胶合板被利用到室内环境可能造成的污染进行评价。结果表明,在释放初期,各类化合物及TVOC质量浓度较大,后逐渐下降,在第14 d基本稳定,其中以芳香烃类化合物和烷烃类化合物的质量浓度下降最为迅速,第28 d胶合板VOC释放量为稳定值,被用于定量分析胶合板VOC的释放水平。单独使用该胶合板的室内空气质量满足室内空气品质等级的一级标准。同时确定了单位体积空间的室内环境中该胶合板可利用的暴露面积为6 m2。

This paper is aimed to investigate the release behavior of the volatile organic compound（VOC） emission from the plywood under the stimulant indoor environment based on a cube meter climate chamber. As we know,the volatile organic compounds（VOC） emission from the wood-based panel serves as one of the chief factors that may lead to indoor air pollution,the release behavior is also associated with a great variety of serious health effects and symptoms,such as asthma and allergic reactions. It comes from the above said urgent needs that we have determined to make a quantitative analysis of the VOC emission from the plywood with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer（GC-MS） in a focus of assessing the likely-to-be pollution and contamination consequences which may result from the application of the plywood in accordance with the indoor environment quality evaluation standard. The results of our investigation and measurements reveal that there exist many kinds of VOCs which are prone to be released from the plywood with its concentrations of non-volatile and the total volatile organic compound（TVOC） being much higher at the early stage of its application,and then the emission turning to be gradually reduced and eventually vanished,however,the releasing rate tends to remain basically stable during the period till the 14 th day. Among them,the concentration of arene and alkane may decline rapidly whereas the emission of the ester chemical compounds tends to linger for some time longer. Since the amount of VOC release on the 28 th day remains stable,it can be used to analyze the release rate of VOC emission from the plywood. Meanwhile,the synthetic index evaluation method can also be used to assess the indoor air quality by working out the synthetic index which can directly reflect the seriousness of the indoor air pollution situation. The results of this study indicate that the synthetic index on the 28 th day proves to be 0. 14,within the standard limits. Our study results also prove that the pre-assessment and comprehensive assessment let us believe that it would be possible to reach the first grade of indoor air quality by merely using plywood for room decoration. In addition,the exposed area should be controlled within 6. 0 m2 per unit volume,which can be regarded as a valuable reference for users to apply the plywood.