可生物降解的环保型镁合金微乳化切削液的制备

Preparation of biodegradable environmental-friendly micro-emulsion cutting fluid for magnesium alloys

开发了一种可生物降解的环保型镁合金微乳化切削液,考察了基础油、缓蚀剂、螯合剂、防锈剂、润滑剂、表面活性剂和其他添加剂对切削液润滑性能的影响,筛选出最优的微乳化切削液配方(以质量分数表示):环烷基基础油30.0%,改性有机醇类螯合剂1.5%,复合缓蚀剂2.5%,三乙醇胺8.0%,长碳链多元羧酸防锈剂5.0%,聚合油酸合成酯润滑剂16.0%,多元油酸合成酯润滑剂6.0%,AEO类脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂2.5%,脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚类乳化型低泡表面活性剂3.0%,杀菌剂1.0%,消泡剂0.1%,水24.4%。所开发的镁合金微乳化切削液在润滑、抗硬水、防腐防锈、消泡性能以及使用寿命等各项性能指标方面皆优于市售的Castrol和Master产品,且价格便宜,其生物降解率为92%,抗硬水能力可达8 330 mg/L,属于绿色环保、高效实用的镁合金加工专用微乳化切削液。

A biodegradable environmental-friendly micro-emulsion cutting fluid for magnesium alloys was developed. The influence of base oil, corrosion inhibitor, chelator, anti-rust agent, lubricant, surfactant, and other additives on lubrication property of the cutting fluid were studied. The optimal formulation was determined as follows： naphthenic base oil 30.0wt%, modified organic alcohol chelator 1.5wt%, composite corrosion inhibitor 2.5wt%, triethanolamine 8.0wt%, long carbon chain polycarboxylic acid anti-rust agent 5.0wt%, polymerized glycerol trioleate lubricant 16.0wt%, polyoleate lubricant 6.0wt%, AEO fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant 2.5wt%, emulsion-type low-foam fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant 3.0wt%, fimgicide 1.0wt%, defoamer 0. lwt%, and water 24.4wt% . In comparison with the marketable commercial products of Castrol and Master, the developed micro-emulsion cutting fluid for magnesium alloys has lower price but better performance in aspects of lubrication, hard water resistance, anti-corrosion, defoamation, and service life. Its biodegradation rate is 92.0% and hard water resistance reaches 8 330 mg/L. The green and highly efficient micro-emulsion cutting fluid is a special-purpose cutting fluid for magnesium alloys.