医务人员针刺伤现况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of prevalence of needlestick injuries among health care workers

目的分析目前掌握的针刺伤发生特点,寻找医护人员发生针刺伤的根本原因并制定整改措施,以减少针刺伤的发生,保护医护人员的职业安全。方法收集某医院2011-2012年发生针刺伤医务人员及相应患者的资料,分析针刺伤发生特点,采用根本原因分析法寻找针刺伤的直接原因和根本原因。结果 2011-2012年共发生针刺伤58人,其中护理人员39人占67.2%,实习生22人占37.9%;针刺伤发生频率为2.4人/月,每年的8月份发生频率最高,为16人占27.6%,81.0%的锐器暴露过患者的体液;发生针刺伤的根本原因是静脉输液多、工作量大、人员配备不齐;缺乏预防针刺伤的标准操作流程,职业防护教育宣传不到位。结论针刺伤的危害不容忽视,依据针刺伤的根本原因,制定相应的整改措施,以减少类似不良事件发生。

OBJECTIVE To understand the characteristics of the needlestick injuries among the health care workers , find out the fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries ,and put forward the rectification measures so as to re-duce the incidence of the needlestick injuries and ensure the occupational safety of the health care workers . METHODS The data were collected from the health care workers who were exposed to the needlestick injuries and corresponding patients from 2011 to 2012 ,then the characteristics of the needlestick injuries were analyzed ,and the direct causes and fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries were searched by means of root cause analysis method .RESULTS The needlestick injuries occurred in 58 health care workers from 2011 through 2012 ,including 39 （67 .2% ） nursing staff and 22 （37 .9% ） interns .The frequency of needlestick injuries was 2 .4 persons per month and was the highest in August （16 health care workers ,27 .6% ） .81 .0% of the sharp instruments have been exposed to the patients＇body fluids .The fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries included the frequent venous injections ,heavy work load ,incomplete staffing ,lack of standard procedures for prevention of needlestick injuries ,and poor propaganda and education of occupational protection .CONCLUSION The hazards due to the needlestick injuries can not be ignored ,and it is necessary to formulate the corresponding rectification measures ai -ming at the fundamental causes of the needlestick injuries so as to reduce the incidence of such adverse events .