锌肥不同用量在水稻上的应用效果研究

Study on Application Effect of Zinc Fertilizer with Different Amounts on Rice

[目的]研究锌肥用量对水稻经济性状和产量的影响。[方法]在氮肥、磷肥、钾肥用量一致的基础上,设置4个锌肥施用量在水稻移栽时一次性施用。[结果]30 kg/hm2锌肥用量能提早水稻成熟期2~3 d,对水稻的成熟具有一定的促早熟作用,农艺性状表现最佳,水稻分蘖数明显增多,结实率最高,每穗实粒数和千粒重增加,产量达8 010 kg/hm2,较对照增产622.5 kg/hm2,增产率8.43%,较60 kg/hm2锌肥施肥量的处理增1 074 kg/hm2,增产15.6%;较45 kg/hm2锌肥施肥量的处理增871.5 kg/hm2,增产12.2%。[结论]过多地施用锌肥会产生毒害作用,导致水稻产量和抗病性降低,因此施用时应根据土壤的缺锌程度适量施用,30 kg/hm2锌肥的施用量是水稻产量最佳用量,同时提高了水稻抗旱、抗倒伏、抗稻瘟病能力,增产效果显著。

[Objective]The aim was to study effect of zinc fertilizer with different amounts on economic traits and yield of rice. [Methodl The test with four amounts of zinc fertilizer application during rice transplanting was set ,based on the same amount of nitrogen, phosphate, potash. [Result] The 30 kg/hm2 zinc fertilizer usage could mature early rice for 2-3 days, and the rice had a certain maturity to pronmte early action, and the best agronomic traits. The tiller number increased significantly, and the rate of seed was the highest, and the grains per panicle and the grain weight increased .The production reached 8 010 kg/hm2, which compared with CK 622.5 kg/hm2, with the rate of 8.43%, and compared with treatment of 60 kg/hm2 zinc fertilizer, increased 1 074 kg/hm2, increased the rate of 15.6%; and compared with 45 kg/hm2 zinc handling manure fertilizer increased 871.5 kg/hm2, with the rate of 12.2%. lConclusion] Through the test, too much administration would produce toxic effects resulting in lower yields and disease resistance, so the application should be applied according to the extent of the right amount of zinc soil. Fertilizer 30 kg/hm2 zinc was the most rice yield good amount, while improving rice drought, lodging, blast resistance capability, yield significant results.