大倍率放电时电动汽车用锂离子电池的热性能

Electrical and thermal performances of lithium-ion battery for electric vehicle at high discharge rate

为保证锂离子动力电池安全、可靠和高效的运行,实验研究了其在大倍率放电时的热性能。实验中,对于一款商业电动车用3.2 V、50 Ah锂离子电池,用充放电测试仪和温湿度巡检仪,控制放电倍率为1C^3C(50~150 A)。结果表明:电池放电倍率越大,电池两端工作电压平台越低,电池放电量越小,电池表面的温升率越大。当放电倍率达到3C(150 A)时,电池表面温度超出其安全工作温度,因而,锂离子动力电池在大倍率放电时,需要为其增加散热设备。拟合了一组用于计算不同放电倍率下电池的瞬时产热量的经验公式。这些公式可用于锂离子动力电池的辅助散热设备的设计和选择。

The electrical and thermal performances of power lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles were experimentaly investigated to guarantee the power lithium ion battery operate safely, reliably and efifciently. A charge and discharge tester and a temperature / humidity recorder were used to control the various rate of discharge at the arrange of 1C^3C （50~150 A） for a kind of 3.2 V/50 Ah lithium-ion power batteries commercial applied. The test results show that the operator voltage platform between battery two ends is going to lower with the output energy decreasing and the battery surface temperatures increasing when the discharged rate increases. The temperature at the lithium-ion battery surface exceeds the temperature limit for battery safely operating when the battery discharged rate up to 3C rate （or 150 A）. Therefore, being equipped with cooling device is necessary for battery to ensure battery operate safely and efifciently. A group of empirical formulae was iftted for the battery transient heat production battery at various battery discharge rate. The formulas can be used to design and select auxiliary cooling devices for power lithium-ion batteries.