平衡施肥对大豆生长状况和固氮能力的影响

Effect of Balanced Fertilization on Growth and Biological Nitrogen of Soybean

为提高大豆产量,高效利用肥料以降低生产成本,选择了4种不同肥料组合,分别为NP、NK、PK和NPK,研究了各施肥条件对大豆生长状况及固氮能力的影响。结果表明:平衡施肥(NPK)能够促进大豆生长,其株高、叶绿素含量和植株生物量均达到了最大值。平衡施肥中氮肥的施用抑制了大豆根瘤固氮能力,根瘤数量、根瘤干重和固氮酶活性均低于CK处理。NK处理的单株荚数和粒数高于其它处理,PK处理获得了较高的百粒重,但平衡施肥(NPK)条件下,大豆的产量最高,与CK相比,产量增加了39.4%。

In order to improve the yield of soybean,reduce the production cost and efficiently use fertilizer,four kinds of different fertilization methods were selected,the effect of fertilization on growing conditions and nitrogen fixation of soybean was studied.The results showed that long-term balanced fertilizer could promote the growth of soybean.NPK had higher plant height,maximum chlorophyll content and plant biomass.Balanced fertilization inhibited the ability of soybean nodule nitrogen fixation,the nodule number,dry weight of nodules and nitroenase activity were lower than CK.Pods per plant and grains of NK were higher than other treatments,PK treatment received a higher 100-seed weight.Soybean yield was the highest in the conditions of balanced fertilization than CK,the yield increased 39.4%.