细菌鞭毛蛋白作为佐剂的研究进展

Progress on Bacterial Flagellin as an Adjuvant

细菌鞭毛蛋白作为Toll样受体5(TLR5)或NOD样受体C4(NLRC4)的配体,其结构决定了其既有抗原性又具有佐剂效应。将细菌鞭毛蛋白与外源抗原混合或融合表达,已获得多种有效的候选疫苗。细菌鞭毛蛋白佐剂效应主要是通过TLR5和NLRC4信号途径协同实现的。TLR5位于细胞表面,可触发炎性因子、趋化因子和Ⅰ型干扰素的分泌,启动天然免疫应答。NLRC4是细胞质中的模式识别受体,可识别细胞质中的多种配体并诱导相应免疫应答。另外,细菌鞭毛蛋白能募集T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞至次级淋巴器官,促进DCs和T淋巴细胞的活化。细菌鞭毛蛋白的可塑性将会使得以细菌鞭毛蛋白为基础的疫苗成为当前和未来研究的热点。

As the ligand of Toll-like receptor 5（TLR5）and NOD-like receptor C4（NLRC4）,flagellin is of antigenicity and adjuvant effect determined by its unique structure.Several potent vaccine candidates have been achieved based on mixture or fusion expression of flagellin and foreign antigens.The adjuvant effect of flagellin is dependent on the cooperative function of TLR5 and NLRC4.TLR5 is located on the surface of cells and could trigger the secretion of inflammatory factors,chemotactic factors and IFN typeⅠ to activate the innate immune response.NLRC4 is one of cytoplasmic PRRs and could recognize several ligands to induce corresponding immune responses.Furthermore,flagellin has ability to trigger a generalized recruitment of T and B lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid sites,and to activate DCs and T lymphocytes.The plasticity of flagellin will address important areas of current and future research interest.