近10年晴空湍流的研究进展

Advances in Clear Air Turbulence Researches in Last Ten Years

晴空湍流是威胁航空安全的一种极端危险性天气,因其不伴有明显的天气现象,机载雷达难以探测,故对飞行安全威胁巨大,因此对于晴空湍流的形成机制与预警预报的研究十分重要。从晴空湍流的形成机制、晴空湍流的观测手段和晴空湍流的预报方法3个方面,对近十年国内外有关研究进行归纳和综述。重点引述了惯性重力波在晴空湍流形成中的重要作用、多种新型观测手段为晴空湍流研究提供宝贵的实况资料、基于湍流指数集成算法的晴空湍流数值预报等重要进展。本文对晴空湍流未来的研究趋势进行展望。

Clear Air Turbulence（CAT）is one of extremely dangerous weather for aviation safety.CAT often takes place without visual weather phenomenon and cannot be detected by present airborne radar.CAT poses so great threat on aviation safety that researches on formation mechanisms and early-warning and forecasting of CAT becomes quite necessary.The recent advances in CAT researches are reviewed and summarized by classified into three aspects：formation mechanisms,observing measures,and forecasting methods.There are some significant advances such as the important role of inertia-gravity waves in CAT formation,valuable observations provided by new detecting methods,CAT numerical forecasting based on turbulence indices,and so on.Then,aspects which need to be improved further are analyzed,and the trends of researches on CAT are also prospected.