碱蓬红斑病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究初报

The first study on pathogens identification and biological characteristics of Suaeda glauce red leaf spot diseases

从碱蓬（Suaeda glauce）红斑病感病植株单斑分离出2种真菌SK-X1和SKX2,形态学和分子生物学鉴定结果表明,SK-X1为石楠拟盘多毛孢（Pestalotiopsis photiniae）、SK-X2为胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）.2种菌均具有致病性,但生物学特性有别：二者菌丝生长及孢子萌发温度范围为15-35℃、最适温度为28℃,但菌丝致死温度SK-X1为70℃、SK-X2为73℃;孢子致死温度SK-X1为55℃、SK-X2为58℃.最适pH值为7,但孢子萌发pH值范围SK-X1为5-10、SK-X2为4-12.湿度为100%时菌丝生长最快、产孢量最大,但菌丝生长适宜湿度SK-X1为86%-100%、SK-X2为65%-100%,孢子萌发适宜湿度SK-X1为90%-100%、SK-X2为86%-100%.光照对菌丝生长无影响,但全光照利产孢.

Two kinds of fungi,SK-X1 and SK-X2,were separated from a single spot in leave of Suae daglauceinfected by the red leaf spot disease.According to morphology and molecular biology studies,SK-X1 and SK-X2 belong to Pestalotiopsis photiniae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,separately.They have pathogenicity with different biological characteristics.The temperature range for hyphal growth and spore germination is 15-35℃,and the optimal temperature is 28℃.Hyphal lethal temperatures for SK-X1 and SK-X2 are 70and 73 ℃,respectively,and sporing lethal temperatures for SK-X1 and SK-X2 are 55and 58 ℃,respectively.The optimal pH value of spore germination is 7,their pH ranges are different,5-10and 4-12,for SK-X1 and SK-X2,respectively.The two fungi could grow the fastest and produce spore the most in the 100% humidity condition.Nevertheless,the optimal humidity for hyphal growth is 86% -100% for SK-X1,and 65% -100% for SK-X2.The optimal humidity for sporing is 90%-100%for SK-X1,and 86%-100% for SK-X2.Although there is almost no effect on the hyphal growth under illumination,full exposure would promote the spore growth.