无抗发酵饲料对生长育肥猪生长性能、肠道菌群和养分表观消化率的影响

Effects of Fermented Feed without Antibiotic on Growth Performance,Intestinal Flora and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Growing-Finishing Pigs

本试验旨在研究无抗发酵饲料对生长育肥猪生长性能、肠道菌群和养分表观消化率的影响。选择18 kg左右断奶仔猪60头,随机分为2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂含抗生素基础饲粮(每千克含黄霉素5 mg),试验组饲喂80%基础饲粮和20%的无抗发酵饲料组成的试验饲粮。试验期154 d。结果表明:1)试验组的末重、平均日增重和平均日采食量都显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而料重比则显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)试验组中期和后期的乳酸菌数量的对数值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而试验组中期和后期的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量的对数值显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)在十二指肠肠段,试验组肠道食糜中的乳酸菌和大肠杆菌数量的对数值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)在十二指肠肠段,试验组肠道每克和每平方厘米黏膜的乳酸菌数量的对数值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组肠道每克黏膜的大肠杆菌数量的对数值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在空肠肠段,试验组肠道每克和每平方厘米黏膜的乳酸菌数量的对数值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)试验组的粗蛋白质和粗纤维的表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,无抗发酵饲料能提高生长育肥猪的生长性能,改善肠道微生物平衡,增强消化能力。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermented feed without antibiotic on growth performance, intestinal flora and nutrient apparent digestibility of growing-finishing pigs. Sixty weaner piglets with similar body weight of 18 kg were selected and randomly allotted into 2 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 pigs per replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed the basal diet with antibiotics （ contained flavomy-coin 5 mg/kg） , and the others in the experimental groups were fed the experimental diet which contained 80%basal diet and 20% fermented feed without antibiotic. The experiment lasted for 154 days. The results showed as follows：1） the final weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group （ P〈0.05） , but the ratio of feed to gain was significantly lower than that in control group （ P〈0.05） . 2） The logarithmic value of Lactobacillus number at mid-period and late-period in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） , but the logarithmic values of Escherichia coli and Salmonella number at mid-period and late-period in experimental group were sig-nificantly lower than that in control group （ P〈0.05） . 3） In the duodenum, the logarithmic values of Lactoba-cillus and Escherichia coli number of chyme in experimental group were significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） . 4） In the duodenum, the logarithmic value of Lactobacillus number per gram and per square centimeter of mucosa in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） , the logarithmic value of Escherichia coli per gram of mucosa in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） . In the jejunum, the logarithmic value of Lactobacillus number per gram and per square centimeter of mucosa in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05）. 5） The nutrient apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in experimental group was signifi-cantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） . In conclusion, the fermented feed without antibiotic can im-prove the growth performance, regulate the balance of intestinal flora and enhance digestive ability of growing-finishing pigs.