不同供能物质组成饲粮对育肥猪养分表观消化率、血清生化指标和激素水平的影响

Effects of Different Consists of Dietary Energy Supply on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Serum Biochemical Indices and Hormones Levels of Finishing Pigs

本文旨在探讨不同供能物质组成饲粮对育肥猪养分表观消化率、血清生化指标和血清激素水平的影响。选用平均体重(65.0±2.0)kg、日龄相近的去势"杜×长×大"三元杂交肥育公猪72头,随机分为3组,即A、B和C组,分别饲喂A、B和C 3种等能等氮饲粮,每组3个重复,每个重复8头,淀粉水平为44.1%的传统育肥猪饲粮(饲粮A)作为对照饲粮,饲粮B和C的淀粉水平是在饲粮A淀粉水平的基础上分别减少约15%和30%。其中饲粮A含有44.1%的淀粉、5.9%的粗脂肪和12.6%的中性洗涤纤维(NDF);饲粮B含有37.6%的淀粉、9.5%的粗脂肪和15.4%的NDF;饲粮C含有30.9%的淀粉、14.3%的粗脂肪和17.8%的NDF。预试期7 d,试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与A组相比,C组育肥猪的干物质、粗蛋白质和粗灰分的表观消化率和血清甲状腺素(T4)水平显著降低(P<0.05),血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)水平和胰岛素(INS)水平(P<0.01)极显著降低,并且血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性显著升高(P<0.05)。2)3种不同能量来源的饲粮对育肥猪血清白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLO)和尿素氮(UN)含量,谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)除血清T4水平以外,B与A组在养分表观消化率、血清生化指标和激素水平上均差异不显著(P>0.05)。本试验结果提示,过度降低育肥猪饲粮中的淀粉水平并提高油脂和NDF用量会影响育肥猪激素分泌。

The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different consists of dietary energy supply on nutrient apparent digestibility, serum biochemical indices and hormones levels of finishing pigs. All 72 castrated“Duroc ＆#215; Landrace ＆#215; Yorkshire” finishing barrows used in this experiment had similar initial body weight [（65.0＆#177;2.0） kg] and days of age, they were divided into three groups （groups A, B and C） of 3 replicates of 8 pigs and fed three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets, respectively. Groups A, B and C were fed with diets A, B and C, respectively. Diet A had 44.1% starch as a control and traditional finishing pigs diet. The content of starch in diets B and C was reduced about 15% and 30% based on the content of starch in the diet A, respectively. Diet A contained 44. 1% starch, 5. 9% ether extract and 12. 6% neutral detergent fiber （NDF）; diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% ether extract and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9%starch, 14.3% ether extract and 17.8% NDF. The preliminary trial lasted for 7 d, and the trial lasted for 28 d. The results showed as follow： 1） compared with group A, the apparent digestibility of dry matter （DM）, crude protein （CP）, ash and thyroxine （T4） level in the serum of finishing pigs of group C were significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, and the glucose content, triiodothyronine （T3） and insulin （INS） levels in the serum of group C were extremely significantly decreased （ P〈0.01） , the lactate dehydrogenase（ LDH） activity in the se-rum of group C was significantly increased （ P〈0.05） . 2） Feeding different energy sources diets had no signifi-cant effects on the serum contents of albumin, globulin, urea nitrogen, and the activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase （ GOT） , glutamic-pyruvic transaminase （ GPT） and alkaline phosphatase （ ALP） （ P〉0.05） . 3） Compared with group A, group B had no significant effects on nutrient apparent digestibility, serum biochemi-cal indices and hormones levels （ P〉0.05） except serum T4 level. It is concluded that excessively decreased the starch level, increased the contents of lipid and NDF in diet have effects on the secretion of hormones in the se-rum and decrease nutrient apparent digestibility in finishing pigs.