MoSi_2超高温结构材料的研究进展

The State-of-Art of Ultra-High-Temperature Structural MoSi_2

MoSi2是继Ni基高温合金以及第二代高温合金Ti Al之后的第三代超高温结构材料,具有高的熔点、较低的密度和优异的高温抗氧化性。但是目前由于低温脆性较大,高温强度尤其是蠕变强度不足,以及400-600℃抗氧化性差的原因,限制了其工业应用。介绍了碳化物、碳纳米管、硼化物、氧化物、氮化物以及复相协同增强MoSi2基复合材料,MoSi2的Al,Re,Al-Re,Nb,W,Mg等合金化,以及MoSi2低温氧化（Pest）方面的国内外进展,指出复相协同作用有助于提高材料的综合力学性能,认为合金化协同第二相复合化、复合化和合金化的＂少量多元＂是未来改善MoSi2超高温结构材料综合性能的重要发展方向。

Following the Ni-base superalloy as well as the second-generation high-temperature TiAl alloy,MoSi2 is the thirdgeneration ultra-high-temperature structural material which possesses a high melting point,low-density and excellent oxidation resistance at elevated temperature. Unfortunately,up to now the big low-temperature brittleness,inadequate high-temperature strength,especially creep strength and poor oxidation resistance at about 400 - 600℃ limit its application in industry. The research development of MoSi2-based composites reinforced with carbides,carbon nano-tube,borides,oxides,nitrides,and synergistic complex phases is summarized. Also,the state-of-art of the alloying of MoSi2 with Al,Re,Al- Re,Nb,W,Mg,and so on is reviewed. In addition,the research development of the low temperature oxidation of Mo Si2（ Pest） is summarized. At the end,it is pointed out that synergistic complex phase reinforcement is helpful to improve the balanced mechanical properties of Mo Si2. With respect of compositing and alloying,synergy of compositing and alloying,and ＂multiple element with small amount of content＂should be the future directions of development to improve the balanced properties of Mo Si2.