临床分离肠杆菌科细菌1580株的耐药性分析

Analysis of antibiotic resistance in 1 580 clinical strains of Enterobacteriaceae

目的分析临床分离肠杆菌科细菌的分布及耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供实验室依据。方法用常规方法分离和鉴定细菌,K-B法进行药敏试验,结果参照CLSI 2011年版标准判读。结果 2012年共分离1 580株肠杆菌科细菌,以大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属和肠杆菌属为主,分别占51.3%、26.4%和12.2%;主要分离自尿液标本和痰标本。药敏结果显示,肠杆菌科细菌中不同菌种对碳青霉烯类抗生素仍呈敏感,耐药率<5%;其次为对阿米卡星和哌拉西林-他唑巴坦,耐药率均<20%;对氨苄西林和头孢唑林的耐药率较高,均>50%。结论该院肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素虽最敏感,但已出现耐药菌株。

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae isolates in 2012.Methods The bacterial strains were routinely isolated and identified.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using KirbyBauer method.The results were analyzed according to the standards recommended by CLSI 2011.Results A total of 1 580 Enterobacteriaceae strains were collected.The most common species were E.coli（51.3%）,Klebsiella spp.（26.4%）and Enterobacter spp.（12.2%）.The main source of the isolates was urine and sputum.The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that Enterobacteriaceae strains were the least resistant to carbapenems（ 5%）.The resistance rate to amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam was lower than 20%.These strains showed the highest resistance rate to ampicillin and cefazolin.Conclusions Enterobacteriaceaeisolates are mostly sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics,but resistant strains are emerging.