莫言小说中的动物速写

Metaphor of Human Animality--Animal Sketches in Mo Yan's Novels

莫言小说十分注重对动物的书写,这不单纯是对动物本身的关注,更多地寄寓了作者对人类动物性的态度。从某种意义来说,动物形象的塑造构成了对人类动物性的隐喻。从对山林中充满野性的动物身上,可以发现莫言对人类动物野性的呼唤和赞颂,通过对驯顺动物生命的描绘,隐喻着人类"种的退化"的缘由,人类与动物命运的对比呈现,更凸显出荒诞历史岁月对人类动物性的干预、劫持,而能够应对、解构这一荒唐局面的力量亦来自动物本身的力量,其间流露出作家对人类生存境遇的悲悯。

Mo Yan pays much attention to the sketch of animals in his novels. More than the mere attention on animals, it implies the author's attitude to human animality. In some sense, animal image is a metaphor of the human animality. From the description of wild animals in the forest, we can see Mo Yan's celebration of the animal wilderness in human nature. And the descriptions of animals taming reveals the cause of human 'ethnic degeneration'. The comparison in fate between human and animals highlights the intervention and hijack of the fantastic history on human animality. However, it is the power of animals that can handle such situation, which reflects the author's sympathy for the living condition of the human kind.