中国西南少数民族历史上的指定服役制度

Assigned Labor System in the History of Chinese Southwest Minorities

解放前在我国西南少数民族地区存在着一种指定服役制度。土司以村寨、地域或份地为单位摊派某项劳役或提供某种贡纳,具体表现为整体性、固定性、复杂性和强制性等特点,这与先秦时期的指定服役制度具有高度的一致性。然而这决非历史的巧合,而是先秦与上述少数民族地区同处在生产力落后、血缘关系浓厚、商品经济不发达的社会发展阶段所致。

Before 1949,there exists a kind of Assigned Labor System in the area of southwest minorities,where leader assigned labor or tribute based on different villages,areas or land that is characterized by integrality,stationarity,complexity and enforceability and is highly consistent with that in the preQin period.However,this consistency is not coincidence but is owing to the same situation of lower productivity,strong blood relationship and undeveloped commodity economics.