改善轮轨接触状态的重载车轮型面优化研究

Study on Optimization of Heavy-haul Wheel Profile for Improving Wheel-rail Contact State

基于轮轨接触几何关系,以轮径差函数为设计目标,对重载线路75kg/m钢轨型面进行逆向求解,优化出满足轮径差函数的重载车轮型面;对优化前后重载车轮踏面的静态接触、动力学性能和基于磨耗数的车轮损伤函数进行了对比。结果表明:优化后重载车轮踏面与75kg/m钢轨匹配时,轮轨间接触点分布更加合理,接触斑最大正压力有所降低,具有更好的曲线通过性能;优化后的车轮踏面在高低轨呈现出更小的损伤值,可有效降低轮轨磨耗与裂纹损伤。

Based on the relation formula of wheel-rail contact geometry and with rolling radii difference function as the design target, the inverse solution of 75 kg/m rail profile of heavy-haul railway is obtained. Further- more, the heavy-haul wheel profile for meeting the target of rolling radii difference function is optimized and designed. A comparison is made on the static contact, dynamic performance, and wheel damage function based on wear amount of wheel/rail before and after the optimization. The results show that, after the optimization, the distribution of wheel-rail contact points is more reasonable when the designed wheel tread matches with 75 kg/m rail tread. The maximum positive pressure acting on the contact patch decreases. Optimized wheel tread exhibits better curve negotiation performance. The optimized wheel tread demonstrates smaller damage value in the high and low rails, which can effectively reduce the wheel-rail wear and crack damage.