通脉益智颗粒对血管性痴呆模型大鼠的影响

Effects of Tongmai Yizhi Granules on Vascular Dementia in Rats

目的观察通脉益智颗粒对血管性痴呆(VD)模型大鼠的治疗效果,探讨其作用机制。方法将大鼠随机分为6组:假手术组、模型对照组、阳性对照组,通脉益智大、中、小剂量组,均10 m L·kg-1连续灌胃给药31 d(通脉益智大、中、小剂量组分别给予通脉益智颗粒10.0,5.0,2.5 g·kg-1·d-1,阳性对照组给予吡拉西坦0.375 g·kg-1·d-1,假手术组及模型对照组予0.9%氯化钠溶液)。除假手术组外,其他各组采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎方法制备VD模型。给药第2,4周采用Y型电迷宫实验检测大鼠学习记忆能力;第32天取大鼠海马组织进行病理学检查,检测大鼠血清及海马组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果与模型对照组比较,通脉益智各剂量组大鼠电迷宫实验潜伏期明显缩短,学习记忆正确率提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清及海马组织SOD活性显著增高(P<0.01),MDA含量明显降低(P<0.01)。病理学检查结果显示,模型对照组海马神经元排列紊乱,锥体细胞明显减少。与模型对照组比较,通脉益智各剂量组大鼠海马神经元病变减轻。结论通脉益智颗粒可显著改善VD模型大鼠学习记忆能力,提高血清及海马组织SOD活性,降低MDA含量,有效清除自由基,减轻海马锥体细胞受损程度。

Objective To study the therapeutic effects and related mechanism of Tongmai Yizhi granules on vascular dementia in rats. Methods Bilateral carotid artery ligation was used to establish rat model of vascular dementia （VD）. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups： sham operated,the model control,piracetam （0. 375 g·kg^-1 ·d^-1 ） as positive con-trol,low dose （2. 5 g·k^g-1 ·d^-1 ）,middle dose（5. 0 g·kg^-1 ·d^-1 ）,and high dose （10. 0 g·kg^-1 ·d^-1 ） of Tongmai Yizhi granules. Each group was intragastrically administered with 10 mL·kg^-1 of corresponding medications for 31 days after the VD model was established. The sham group was given with 0. 9% NaCl solution. Y-electric maze was used to test the learning and memory function of rats at the second and fourth weeks. On the day 32,hippocampal tissues were collected for pathological analy-sis by microscope. The activities of SOD and content of MDA in serum and tissue homogenate were tested. Results Compared with model control group,each dose of Tongmai Yizhi granules obviously shortened the incubation period of VD rats in electric maze test,and accuracy of learning and memory was improved （P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. The activity of SOD was decreased,and the content of MDA was increased after treatment with Tongmai Yizhi granules （P 〈 0. 01）. Hippocampal neuronal cells were disar-ranged,and the number of cone cells was decreased significantly in the model control group. In contrast,the necrosis and degener-ation of hippocampal neurons were alleviated in all Tongmai Yizhi treatment groups. Conclusion Tongmai Yizhi granule can apparently improve learning and memory function of VD rats. It can also improve the activity of SOD and reduce the content of MDA in serum and hippocampus,effectively remove free radicals,and alleviate the injury of hippocampal pyramidal cells.