大学生心理安全感与归因方式的关系研究

A Research on the Relationship between College Students' Psychological Safety and its Attribution Pattern

目的:探讨大学生心理安全感和归因方式之间的关系。方法:采用安全感量表(SQ)和多维度—多归因因果与量表(MMCS)对360名在校大学生进行调查。结果:1学业成就—努力、背景、外向、内向与心理安全感存在显著相关。人际关系—背景、运气、外向与心理安全感存在显著相关。2学习成就—努力、背景、内向、外向维度,人际关系—背景、运气、外向维度的高低分组在归因方式存在显著差异。3心理安全感对学业成就归因和人际关系归因具有显著的负向预测作用,且回归系数均显著。其中人际安全感对学业成就归因的倾向性归因的解释率为3.9%,对人际关系归因的倾向性的解释率为5.1%。4学业成就归因及其各维度对归因方式显著的回归,回归系数均显著,学业成就—努力、内向归因对心理安全感具有显著的正向预测作用,学业成就—背景、外向归因和学业成就总分对心理安全感有显著的负向预测作用。结论:大学生心理安全感与归因倾向性相关显著,互为因果,能够相互预测。

The object is to explore the relationship between college students＇ psychological safety and its attribution style. The methods involve the Multi-dimensional and Mostly-attributed to the Causal Scale（MMCS） and the Insecurity Scale（SQ）, through which, a total of 360 college students in Hubei Normal University＇ were tested. There are four results. The first result is that academic achievements, efforts, background, extraversion and introversion have a significant correlation with psychological safety. The second result is that the high-scored group and the low-scored group have a significant difference in the grade of attribution pattern in terms of academic achievements, efforts, background, extraverted or introverted dimensions,the background of personal relationship, luck, and extroverted dimensions. The third result is that the psychological safety has a significant negative regression on an academic achievement attribution and an interpersonal attribution. The regression coefficients are significant. In this respect, interpersonal insecurity accounts for 3.9% of the variation of an academic achievement attribution, and 5.1% of the variation of an interpersonal attribution. The fourth result is that the academic achievement and its various dimensions have a significant regression on attribution. The regression coefficients are significant. Achievements, efforts,and introversion attribution have a significant positive regression on psychological safety. Achievement background, extraversion attribution and the total academic score of attribution have a significant negative regression on psychological safety.The conclusion is that students＇ psychological sense of security and attribution tendency is closely related as important predictors of each other.