中国自贸区法律适用的基本问题

Basic Issues of Law Application in China FTZ

2013年(上海)自贸区的设立和全国人大常委会授权"废法",引发了自贸区法律适用如适用机构的设置、适用依据的确定等诸多需要解决的基本问题。目前,自贸区难以设立完整建制化的基层法院或更高级别的法院;知识产权法院跨区管辖模式的确立,致自贸区设立知识产权法院既无可能亦无必要。建议在未设知识产权法院的自贸区所在地增设知识产权法院。一审案件主要应由基层法院管辖。自贸区必须正确适用国内法与国际法并处理好二者的关系;既要尊重《立法法》的基本原理,又要在不与上位法抵触的前提下充分发挥地方立法的作用。自贸区法律适用的基本问题关涉法治中国建设进程中国家法治统一性与区域法治特色性的重大法治课题,需加强研究。

The establishment of China （Shanghai） FTZ and “abolition of some laws” authorized by the Standing Committee of the National People＇s Congress initiate the basic issues of taw application in China FTZ, such as application institutions and application basis. Currently, it is difficult for China FTZ to estab- lish complete institutionalized lower .courts or higher courts; it is impossible and.unheeessary to establish in- tellectual property courts because the establishment of the model of Cross regional jurisdiction of it. Intellec- tual property courts should be added to FTZ in area without the intellectual property court the first trial ca- ses are mainly administered by the lower courts. Both Chinese laws and international laws should be applied in FTZ and well manipulated with each other： the basic principles of Legislation Law should be respected and the role of local legislation should be exerted without conflicting with higher - level laws. The basic is-sues of law application in FTZ are connected with the significant legal subject of the unity of the country un- der the rule of law and specialty of regional rule of law in the process of rule of law in China. which should be further studied.