156例脑卒中住院患者心理障碍的研究和对策

Research on Mental Disorders of 156 Cases of Hospitalized Patients with Stroke in Department of Neurology and the Intervention Measures

目的探讨脑卒中住院患者的心理障碍状况及干预措施。方法选取2010年5月至2011年10月西安市第四医院神经内科收治的脑卒中住院患者156例为研究对象,使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评价脑卒中患者的心理障碍状态,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估患者的焦虑和抑郁状态。患者采用相应的药物干预、心理干预和康复训练后,评估干预后的效果。结果脑卒中患者的整体心理障碍状况严重,142例脑卒中患者中有105例患者发生焦虑,占73.9%,86例患者发生抑郁,占60.6%;不同脑卒中类型的患者焦虑症状发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而抑郁发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脑卒中患者的年龄与焦虑呈负相关(P<0.05),与抑郁无相关性(P>0.05);经过干预治疗后,患者的焦虑和抑郁状况较治疗前显著改善(P<0.05)。结论脑卒中住院患者的焦虑和抑郁发生率较高,采取药物干预、心理干预及康复训练等措施可有效缓解患者的心理障碍,提高治疗质量。

Objective To investigate the mental disorder conditions and interventions of hospitalized patients with stroke.Methods A total of 156 patients with stroke hospitalized in the department of neurology , the Fourth Hospital of Xi′an from May 2010 to Oct.2011 were selected as research objects,SCL-90 self-rat-ing scale,anxiety scale（SAS） and depression scale（SDS） were applied to the patients to evaluate the patient′s psychological status.At the same time,corresponding drug intervention,psychological intervention and rehabilitation training were implemented ,and the intervention effects were evaluated .Results The men-tal disorder status of hospitalized patients with stroke was severe ,with 105 cases of anxiety occurred,account-ing for 73.9%,and 86 cases of depression,accounting for 60.6%.The incidence rates of anxiety in different types of stroke patients were significantly different（P〈0.05）,but the incidence rates of depression had no sta-tistically significant difference（P〉0.05）.The correlation between age and anxiety was negative（P〈0.05）, while there was no correletion between age and depression（P〉0.05）.After intervention,the rates of anxiety and depression decreased significantly（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The hospitalized patients with stroke had high incidence rates of anxiety and depression,drug intervention,psychological intervention and rehabilitation meas-ures can effectively alleviate the psychological disorder and improve the quality of treatment .