从关联理论看隐喻的语用阐释

A Relevance-Theoretic Analasis to Metaphor: an Issiue of Pragmatic Interpretation

关联理论认为隐喻的语用解读是高度依赖语境的信息处理过程。言语交际中,听话人只有对隐喻的编码意义进行语用处理,才能获得与语境信息相匹配的交际意义。分析隐喻的语用充实过程,需以隐喻的词汇编码意义为线索,在优化关联原则的引导下对隐喻话语信息进行语用加工,实现语境推理以满足关联期待,获得最佳的交际意义。

The goal of pragmatic analysis of metaphor is to explain how hearers recognize the intended meaning of a metaphorical utterance in context. Only based on the process of pragmatically finetuning encoded concept,can the hearer make the utterance relevant in the expected way. From a relevance-theoretic perspective,this paper attempts to present some evidence from Chinese in support of the claim that metaphorical concept construction takes place as a natural by-product of the search of an optimally relevant interpretation and satisfying the expectations of relevance generated from a particular utterance is its motivating factor. Inferential comprehension,which starts with the recovery of a linguistically-encoded meaning,has to be contextually enriched in a variety of ways to yield a full-fledged speaker＇s meaning.