尘肺、中毒职业病患者生活质量的评价

Evaluation on the Quality of Life in Patients with Occupational Poisoning and Pneumoconiosis

目的评价尘肺、职业中毒患者生活质量。方法采用整群抽样方法,选取住院尘肺患者119例和职业中毒患者66例进行WHOQOL-BREF问卷调查。结果尘肺组生活质量(QOL)各领域得分从高到低依次是:社会领域(46.27±18.67)、心理领域(44.78±14.18)、环境领域(43.02±15.49)、生理领域(41.60±10.99);中毒组生活质量(QOL)各领域得分从高到低依次是:社会领域(39.11±17.21)、环境领域(39.02±l3.95)、生理领域(37.34±8.82)、心理领域(36.30±13.07)。尘肺组生存质量总主观感受分数(2.17±0.96)、健康状况总主观感受分数(1.95±0.92);职业中毒组分别为(1.82±0.82)、(1.52±0.66)。多因素回归分析表明,尘肺组生活质量主观感受主要影响因素为合并症,中毒组主观感受主要影响因素为文化水平;中毒组各领域得分影响因素主要是从业状态,人均收入,文化;尘肺组各领域得分影响因素主要是合并症,人均收入,从业状态。结论尘肺、职业中毒患者的QOL均处于低水平;治疗尘肺患者应以改善合并症为主,而中毒患者改善心理状况,职能恢复尽快复工尤为重要。

Objective To evaluate the quality of life in patients with occupational poisoning and pneumoconiosis. Methods Cluster sampling method was adopted to select 119 cases of pneumoconiosis patients and 66 cases of occupational poisoning patients,complete WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Results Quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis（QOL）scores in all areas in descending order：Social sphere（46.27±18.67）,psychological field（44.78±14.18）,environmental field（43.02±15.49）,physical domain（41.60±10.99）;Quality of life in patients with poisoning（QOL）scores in all areas in descending order：Social sphere（39.11±17.21）,environmental field（39.02±l3.95）,physical domain（37.34±8.82）,psychological field（36.30±13.07）.Quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis subjective feelings score：（2.17±0.96）,the health of subjective feelings score：（1.95±0.92）;occupational poisoning patients corresponding score：（1.82±0.82）,（1.52±0.66）.Multivariate regression analysis showed that the main factors for pneumoconiosis patients＇ subjective feelings were complications,the main factors for patients＇ subjective feelings of intoxication were the cultural level;Factors affecting all areas of poisoning patients score were mainly employment status,per capita income,and education;the impact factor score of pneumoconiosis in various fields were mainly complications,per capita income,and employment status. Conclusion The quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis and occupational poisoning is at a low level;Treatment of pneumoconiosis patients should focus on improving comorbidities,and it is especially important to improve mental status of poisoning patients,and return to work after functional recovery as soon as possible.