中国干旱半干旱地区湿地研究进展

Progress of Wetland Researches in Arid and Semi-arid Regions in China

西北干旱半干旱地区湿地在我国湿地中占有较大比重,它在调节气候、涵养水分、碳氮循环以及生物多样性保护等方面均有不可替代的作用,深入探其研究现状对该地区生态保护和环境管理意义重大。从湿地形成演变、类型和分布,植物群落,景观格局变化的生态效应及驱动力研究,碳氮循环以及退化与恢复5个方面评述了西北干旱半干旱地区湿地研究进展,指出了现有研究的不足。在此基础上,对西北干旱半干旱地区湿地未来研究方向进行了分析,提出了加强植物群落的动态研究;定量研究湿地景观格局动态变化,加强湿地动态过程对驱动力的响应机制研究;加强碳氮循环研究;加强湿地退化与修复的理论与技术体系研究4方面的建议。

Wetlands in the arid and semi-arid regions in northwest China are of significance,and play an important role in global climate regulation,water holding,carbon cycle and biodiversity conservation. Thus,summarizing and analyzing the current status and progress of wetland researches is important for ecological conservation and environmental management. In this article,the authors summarized the progress of wetland researches in arid and semi-arid regions in 5 aspects,including formation,evolution,types and distribution of wetlands,plant community of wetlands,ecological effect of landscape pattern change and driving force of wetlands,carbon and nitrogen cycles of wetlands,and degradation and recovery of wetlands,then pointed out the lacks of present researches on wetlands. In the basis the above-mentioned,the authors suggested that strengthening the researches on dynamic change of plant community and landscape pattern,the response mechanism of dynamic process on the driving force,carbon and nitrogen cycles,and theory and technology system of degradation and restoration for wetlands.