论西汉帝陵位次排列中的昭穆制度

On the Zhaomu System of the Ranking Arrangement of the Emperors' Mausoleums of the Western Han Dynasty

引用最新的考古调查成果,结合大量历史文献和实地勘察,对西汉帝陵位次排列与昭穆之制的关系进行了深入探讨,提出西汉十一帝陵的排列均遵循"右昭左穆"制,且"昭位皇帝的皇后陵位于帝陵西北,穆位皇帝的皇后陵位于帝陵东北"的观点,并对文帝霸陵、宣帝杜陵选建在长安城东南的原因进行了探析。结合西汉宗庙制度的发展,揭示了西汉帝陵(咸阳原陵区)分别以长陵、茂陵和渭陵为祖陵的原委,并对西汉帝陵按昭穆之序排列的三个子系统分别进行了阐述。

By using the latest archaeological survey results, in combination with a large number of historical documents and field investigation, an in-depth discussion of the relationship between the Western Hart Dynasty mausoleums＇ ranking arrangement and Zhaomu System, it is put forward that the eleven emperors＇ mausoleums are all laid out according to the viewpoints of ＂Right Zhao and Left Mu＂, and ＂The Empresses＇ Mausoleums in the Zhao position are located in the northwest to the Emperors＇ Mausoleums, while empresses＇ mausoleums in the Mu position are located in the northeast to the Emperors＇ Mausoleums＂. An analysis is also made of the reason for the location of Emperor Wen＇ s Ba Mausoleum and Emperor Xuan＇ s Du Mausoleum in the southeastern part of Chang＇ an. Combined with the development of the Western Han Dynasty clan temple system, the reasons for the Western Han Dynasty Mausoleum （Xianyang Hill mausoleum area） as the ancestral mausoleums respectively represented by Changling, Maoling and Weiling are revealed. Three subsystems of the mausoleums of the emperors in the Western Han Dynasty according to the ranking sequence of Zhao and Mu are reviewed.