黄州商帮、帮会行规在民间法与国家法博弈中所起的作用——兼与梁治平先生商榷

The Role of Huangzhou Commercial Groups and Professional Regulations in the Game of Civil Law and State Law: to Discuss with Mr. Zhi- Ping Liang

首先从威利斯顿关于商人行为的论断说起,引出国内社会客观存在的商人之间的一套民间法,并以黄州商帮为例,介绍了黄州商帮、会馆所独有的一套的江湖隐语和号规,然后与梁治平先生关于商帮最终发展为帮会的观点进行了对比,提出了自己的不同看法,并对抗日时期与黄州商帮有一定联系但有存在区别的本土洪门汉留会、国共双方对其的争取以及黄州帮会、商会对国共双方征税活动的影响进行了客观评价,最终得出结论:这些古老的接头暗语和不成文规则所组成的行会规约,看似毫无用处,实则很有研究价值,统治阶级用得好,它能够对国家法发挥补充和调节功能,使得各种社会关系处于相对稳定的状态,对于商业社会秩序和族群人际关系具有维系作用;统治阶级用得不好,它可以被在野党所利用,对国家法构成潜在威胁,并最终成为整体颠覆国家法的一支生力军。

Starting with the assertion of Williston on merchant behavior, drawing forth a civil law a- mong merchants in domestic society, this paper describes a set of unique argot and regulations in Huangzhou commercial group and guildhall, and discusses the development of commercial group with Mr. Zhi-Ping Liang. This paper gives an objective appraisement for the relationship between the n- ative Hongmen Hanliu group and Huangzhou commercial group, and the impact of Huangzhou Com- mercial group in Anti-Japanese War period. This paper concludes that these ancient argots and the regulations of unwritten rules are seemingly useless; actually its have great research value. If the rul- ing class using well, those argots and the regulations can play a complementary role for national law to making all kinds of social relations in a relatively stable state. Especially it is good for maintaining so- cial order and ethnic relationships in business community. If ruling class using improperly, those ar- gots and regulations could be used by the opposition parties; with a potential threat to national law, those argots and regulatory eventually became an integral subversion of state law force.