澳大利亚的儿童哲学课程发展及其启示

The Development and Enlightment of Philosophy for Children Curriculum in Australia

为应对全球化与知识经济的挑战,凸显教育质量与教育公平在国家教育改革与发展中的核心位置,澳大利亚把儿童哲学引入基础教育课程体系作为一项针对性的具体教育举措。其儿童哲学课题体系,在课程目标上侧重儿童理性思维、社会性发展和道德品质的形成,在课程内容上强调儿童生活经验与人类普遍性问题,在课程实施上运用团体探究的实践方式。同时,澳大利亚在儿童哲学课程发展过程中也面临着师资质量、学生学业负担、学习评价等诸多现实挑战。澳大利亚儿童哲学课程的发展经验对我国教育的启示:提升基于课程统整的教育质量;重建以探究与对话为特征的教学模式;帮助处境不利儿童以实现教育公平。

To cope with the challenge of globalization and knowledge economy, highlight the core position of quality and fairness of education in national education reform and development, Australia introduced philosophy for children curriculum system to basic education as a targeted specific education initiatives. Its focuses on children＇s rational thinking social development and the formation of moral character on the curriculum target; Emphasis on children＇s life experience and universal issues of human life on the curriculum content; Taking advantage of community of inquiry to explore the way of practice. At the same time, in the development process of philosophy for children curriculum is faced up with the challenges of teaching quality, students＇ academic burden, learning evaluation and so on. The development of philosophy for children in Australian enlightenment on education in China： Improving the quality of education based on the integration of curriculum;Reconstruction the teaching mode which based on inquiry and dialogue; Help disadvantaged children to realize the fairness of education.