饥饿法对肉种鸡人工强制换羽的效果

Effects of Starvation on Artificial Forced Molting of Broiler Breeder

本研究通过饥饿法进行鸡群的强制换羽,比较平养与笼养鸡群对强制换羽的响应。结果表明,在同一人工强制换羽方案下,平养鸡群活动量较大,消耗脂肪多而快,失重25%仅需要14~16d,失重30%需要18~20d;笼养鸡群活动量稍少,失重率低于平养鸡群,平养鸡群死淘率明显高于笼养鸡群（P〈0.01）。在实施期内平养鸡群停产所需时间快于笼养鸡群,恢复期内平养鸡群见蛋的时间比笼养鸡群长8~17d;同样产蛋达5%、50%和高峰期的天数A、B两组均比C、D两组长（P〈0.05）。高峰产蛋率、受精率、入孵蛋孵化率、蛋重、高峰期维持时间等笼养鸡群均高于平养鸡群（P〉0.05）。鸡群经人工强制换羽后蛋重有所增加,笼养鸡群在高峰期投料量均比平养鸡群少,但差异不大（P〉0.05）。总体上,笼养比平养更为经济。

The study compared the results of floor and cage raising ways through forced molting with starving method. The results demonstrated that under the same forced molting plan, chicken with floor way had larger activity, which consumed fat more and faster, 14~16 days were need to lose weight for 25%, 18~20 days are need to lose weight for 30%. Chicken with cage way had less activity, which consumed fat less and slower. Death and culling rate of floor way was significantly higher than cage way （P〈0.01）. During the implementation period, discontinued time of floor way was shorter than cage way. Dur- ing the recovery period, relaying eggs time of floor way was longer than cage way for 8~17 d. Meanwhile, the time of laying eggs for 5%, 50% and peak of floor way for group A and B was longer than group C and D （P〈0.05）. Peak production rate, fertility rate, hatchability, egg weight, peak hold time of cage way were higher than floor way （P〉0.05）. Egg weight in- creased after artificial forced molting, chicken in cage way with the trend of less feed intake than floor way （P〉0.05）. There- fore, cage way is more economical than floor way.