离子液体催化甘油和尿素合成甘油碳酸酯（英文）

Ionic liquids as eco-friendly catalysts for converting glycerol and urea into high value-added glycerol carbonate

将一系列酸性、碱性和中性的功能化离子液体用于催化甘油和尿素合成甘油碳酸酯.结果表明,中性离子液体表现出更高的催化活性.离子液体阳离子和阴离子的协同效应促进了反应的进行,离子液体阳离子的正电性活化尿素,阴离子的负电性活化甘油,并且催化剂酸碱位点的平衡对催化反应过程也有一定的影响.此外,离子液体可以实现回收利用至少五次,且催化活性基本不变.采用功能化离子液体替代传统金属催化剂,减少了不可再生资源的利用,且所用原料为廉价易得的生物基原料,过程中也不使用有机溶剂,环境友好.

Acidic, basic and neutral ionic liquids （ILs） have been used as catalysts in the carbonylation of glyc‐erol with urea. The results show that neutral ILs have high catalytic activity in the reaction. The excellent performance of the catalysts can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the cation and anion. We speculated that the cation with positive charge activates urea, and the anion with nega‐tive charge activates glycerol. In addition, the well balanced acid‐basic properties of the catalysts are necessary for good catalytic performance. The ILs can be reused at least five times without loss of activity. Using ILs, instead of the traditional metal catalysts, reduces the use of non‐renewable resources. It is eco‐friendly that two inexpensive and bio‐based raw materials were used and the catalytic reaction was carried out without solvent.