水稻品种光温生态研究

STUDIES ON THE DAYLENGTH AND TEMPERATURE ECOLOGICAL TYPES OF RICE CULTIYARS

本文应用早晚季稻共77个品种采取人工和自然光长共15级处理,除1981年中季种植外,于1980～1987年早晚两季种植合共进行8年17季试验。结果表明:品种对日长反应实际存在有早稻的无感与弱感,晚稻的强感与极强感共4个类型,按品种对光温联应可分为无感光、弱到中感温,弱感光、中感温,强感光、中感温和极强感光、中到强感温四个类型。同时建立了各代表类型品种最优回归方程式,极强感光型具有严格的出穗临界日长,超过此日长不能抽穗,强感光型品种则随着叶龄增大对日长要求放宽。

Seventy seven current cultivars,including early-crop and late-crop types,were subjected to 15 treatments of natural and artificial daytength ranging through 8.0,10.0,10.5,11.0,11.5,12.0,12.5,13.0,13.5,14.0,15.0,18.0,21.0,24.0 hours for 17 seasons within 8 years in 1980-1987.Data were treated statistically by means of the computer.Thus,according to their photoperiod qualities,the current rice cultivars could be divided into 4 types:insensitive type,weakly sensitive type,strongly sensitive type,extremely sensitive type;and considering day length and temperature together,could be divided into 4 types too.1.the dayltength sensitive and temperature weakly to moderately sensitive type,2.the day length weakly sensitive and temperature moderately sensitive type,3.the daylength strongly sensitive and temperature moderately sensitive type,4.the daylength extremely sensitive and temperature moderately to strongly sensitive type.In addition,regression equations of the representative type cultivars were established.The daylength extremely sensitive type had a strictly critical daylength.With increased leafage,the daylength strongly sensitive type became less stringent in its heading daylength.