中国生物质发电产业效率评价

Evaluation of China Biomass Power Generation Industry Efficiency

中国作为人口众多的发展中国家,能源相对贫乏,以煤炭为主要燃料的能源结构使中国环境问题日益严重,生物质能源作为物质性、易储存的可再生能源,已经成为中国未来能源发展的重点关注对象。受生物质发电技术的进步及中国地理环境多样性的影响,近年来新兴的生物质发电项目展现出新的特点,对该产业效率进行评价时需要考虑新的因素,并采用新的方法,评价结果才能客观,作为改进产业的参考依据。收集中国2010年以来建设的生物质发电项目,选择合适30家生物质发电项目作为样本,分别运用BC2模型、AR模型和分地区AR模型对这30家样本进行评价,发现中国生物质能总体上分布不均,地区差异较大,西南地区、中南地区和华东地区等地是我国生物质能的主要分布区,由于外部燃料资源市场和电网环境较好,因而这些区域产业效率普遍水平较高。对于北方地区生物质产业发展来说,市场和产业环境的改善对效率提高更有帮助。

As a developing country with a large population , China has its deficiency in energy storage .Since the main energy in China is coal , the environmental problem in China has become very serious .Consequently , the biomass energy has become the focus of the energy development in the future , for the biomass energy is material and easy to restore .Since the progress of the biomass electricity , together with the diversity of the Chinese geog-raphy, the newly biomass electricity projects have displayed some new features , thus the assessment of this in-dustry should take into account certain new factors , together with the new method , so as to get the objective con-clusion .Collecting the 30 biomass electricity projects , then using BC2 model , AR model and Regional AR mod-el to evaluate these 30 examples, we draw the conclusion that the distribution of the Chinese biomass energy is unbalanced , and in all , the Southern part exceeds the Northern part .Specifically , the Southwest part , Central and Southern part , together with Northeast part are the main area of the biomass energy .Since the resources mar-ket and the grid environment are good , the efficiency of these areas is higher .As to the northern part , it is better to improve the market environment and the industry environment , so as to improve the efficiency .