二十年代陈独秀的基本国情观与中国革命

Chen Duxiu's View of Basic National Conditions and the Chinese Revolution in the 1920's

在领导中国革命期间,陈独秀对中国基本国情的认识有可取之处,但是其不当之处也是相当突出的。在对中国社会性质的认识上,陈独秀分别认识到了中国社会"半封建"和"半殖民地"的主要特征,但是他主要将中国社会视为一个具有"半资本主义"性质的国家,这给其之后的错误认识埋下了理论上的祸根。在对中国社会主要矛盾和根本任务的把握上,陈独秀无疑是有正确的认识的,但是却在实际斗争中一味强调团结资产阶级。在对中国社会发展和革命趋势的判断上,陈独秀提出的中国革命分为两个阶段的思想,但没有把握好新民主主义革命和社会主义革命之间的联系。

During the period of leading Chinese revolution, Chen Duxiu had both correct and improper understanding of China＇s basic national conditions. As for the nature of Chinese society, Chen Duxiu realized that Chinese society is semi-feudal and semi-colonial, but he also considered Chinese society was mainly semicapitalist, which led to his later wrong understanding. Chen Duxiu had a good command of principal contradic- tions and fundamental tasks of Chinese society. However, he blindly persisted in uniting with the bourgeoisie in the actual struggle. In the judgment of Chinese social development and revolutionary trend, Chen Duxiu proposed that Chinese revolution could be divided into two stages, but he did not grasp the connection between the new democratic revolution and socialist revolution.