中医问诊语言技巧的临床研究

Research on doctor-patient conversation techniques in TCM interrogation

目的:探索中医问诊语言技巧。方法:采集北京、天津15名中医专家与1 547例患者问诊会话信息并录音,归纳影响问诊效果的语言因素。结果:1专家注重问诊语言通俗,四诊合参,数据翔实,边问边辨证,且问诊过程中融入健康教育,关心同情患者。2专家问诊注重根据不同患者分类问诊语言,询问性、诊断性、说明性、指令性语言应用率100%,其次交际性语言87.07%,安慰性语言79.70%。结论:医生对问诊症状的询问是在一定语境中进行的,问诊效果受问诊语言技巧因素的影响。

Objective： To explore the language techniques of TCM interrogation. Methods： The doctor-patient conversation records from 15 TCM experts and 1 547 patients in Beijing and Tianjin were surveyed to conclude the factors influencing the effect of interrogation. Results： ①In interrogation process, experts paid attention to understandable language, deduction by the four diagnostic techniques, detailed and accurate data, syndrome differentiation as inquiring and health education that considerable to patients. ②According to different patients, experts paid attention to inquiring patients with different language techniques. The inquisitive, diagnostic, illustrative and prescriptive languages in doctor-patient conversation which were used the most reached 100%, as followed communicative language reached 87.07%, and comfortable language reached 79.70%. Conclusions： In doctor-patient conversation, interrogation should be executed in certain language environment. The effect of interrogation could be influenced by language techniques.