论诗的内质与外形问题——以陈有才近作为个案

The Inner Quality and the Shape of Poetry——A Case Study of Chen Youcai's Latest Poem

一首诗的存在,是因为它的内质还是它的外形?这是一个在理论批评界引起争议而又没有很好解决的问题,并且也影响到创作界对于诗歌认识上的误解。论文从陈有才的近作《七色土》出发,从四个方面进行了回答:首先,一首诗的成立要有内质上的发现即诗美的闪亮;其次,在形式上的讲究即形成一定的外形结构,对所表现的内容有重要意义;再次,诗的外形往往是由行与行、节与节、韵脚与韵脚、意象与意象之间的关系所决定的;最后,内质与外形的有机统一往往是一首诗的最高境界。以此来看陈有才的近作,虽然可以基本上肯定其思想艺术上的特点,然而有的作品也存在严重的问题。

What determines the existence of a poem is--its inner quality or its shape--has not only become a controversial but unsolved issue in the arena of literary theory and literary criticism but also caused writers＇ miscon- ception of poetry. Starting from Chen Youcai ＇ s latest poem--Seven-colored Soil, this paper attempts to reply in four aspects ： firstly, the existence of a poem is largely dependent upon its inner quality--the brilliance of poetic beauty ; secondly, due stress on the shape, i.e. some definite shape, is of great significance for expressing the content of the poem; thirdly, the shape of a poem is mainly determined by the relationship between its various lines, various sections, various rhymes and different images; and finally, the organic unity between the inner quality and the shape of a poem is the zenith of a poem in most cases. Judged in this perspective, while Chen Youcai＇ s latest poem embraces its unique artistic traits, it still has some serious defects.